Kamma or the Kammavaru or Kammavar Naidu is a social gathering discovered to a great extent in the southern Indian conditions of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.They are named a forward caste.A sizeable number of Kammas have emigrated to the United States.
Medieval history
The people group of Kammas is thought to be that of agrarian families (Kapus, not to be mistaken for the cutting edge standing) starting from the Kammanadu locale of the Guntur and Prakasam regions in Andhra Pradesh.
Post-Kakatiya period
The convention holds that the Kammas, alongside Velamas, developed out of the group of Kapus (cultivators) in the post-Kakatiya period. A prominent legend gathered by Edgar Thurston portrays that Kammas began from the most youthful child of a specific Belthi Reddi, who figured out how to recoup his mom's ear-adornment (called "kamma" in Telugu) which had been appropriated by a ruler's pastor. Alternate children of Belthi Reddi are also said to have offered ascend to the next unmistakable rank groups of the Telugu individuals.
Vijayanagara period
Amid the rule of Krishnadevaraya Kammas having a place with 37 gotras were living in the city of Vijayanagar. Kamma Nayaks framed the rampart of the Vijayanagara armed force and were designated as governors in numerous ranges of Tamil Nadu. Their part in ensuring the last awesome Hindu kingdom of India was noteworthy.
Golkonda period
The Kammas were to a great extent decreased by the status of laborers in the post-Kakatiya period. The Vijayanagara kingdom was agitated after the clash of Tallikota in 1565. Pemmasani Nayaks, Ravella Nayaks and Sayapaneni Nayaks helped the Araviti rulers in keeping the Muslims under control. It took an additional 90 years to merge the Muslim force in Andhra nation with the catch of Gandikota in 1652. Kamma nayaks moved in extensive numbers to the Tamil district. Amid the Golkonda period, the Sayapaneni Nayaks (1626–1802) ruled Dupadu area as vassals of the Golkonda sultans.
Advanced history
Kamma landholdings were combined, and their impact subsequently expanded, by the presentation of the ryotwari framework as a substitution for the zamindari framework in the nineteenth century.
Development of dams and blasts and foundation of a water system framework in Godavari and Krishna River deltas by Arthur Cotton was an incredible shelter to the Kamma agriculturists. Accessibility of water and the regular inclination for diligent work made the Kammas rich and prosperous. The cash was put to great use by building up various schools and libraries and urging their youngsters to take up cutting edge training.
The Kammas of Southern Tamil Nadu have additionally exceeded expectations in the development of dark cotton soils and later differentiated into different modern ventures, especially in Coimbatore and Kovilpatti.
Order
The varna arrangement of Brahmanic custom positioning never grabbed hold in South Indian culture outside Kerala. There were basically three classes: Brahmin, non-Brahmin and Dalit. Kammas actually fall into the non-Brahmin class Classification of social gatherings in the Andhra district has changed much of the time as the different groups shake for status. Amid the British Raj, the Kammas were thought to be "upper Shudra", alongside the Reddy and Velama standings, under the varna framework.
Selig Harrison said in 1956 that
Kamma legend sustains the picture of an once-pleased warrior family decreased by Reddi dishonesty to its present worker status. Reddi trickery, described by Kamma student of history K. Bhavaiah Choudary, was first clear in 1323 AD at the destruction of Andhra's Kakatiya line. Presenting voluminous records to demonstrate that Kammas commanded the Kakatiya court, Chaudary recommends that the Reddis, additionally compelling warmongers at the time, struck an arrangement at Kamma cost with the Moslem winners of the Kakatiya administration. The Kammas lost their respectable rank and were constrained into cultivating.
Governmental issues
Preceding the bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh, making the new condition of Telangana, the Kammas and the Reddys were politically and financially predominant in the state.
Amid the 1980s, they assumed a key part in state and national governmental issues with the initiation of the Telugu Desam Party by its then President Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao likewise called as NTR.
Medieval history
The people group of Kammas is thought to be that of agrarian families (Kapus, not to be mistaken for the cutting edge standing) starting from the Kammanadu locale of the Guntur and Prakasam regions in Andhra Pradesh.
Post-Kakatiya period
The convention holds that the Kammas, alongside Velamas, developed out of the group of Kapus (cultivators) in the post-Kakatiya period. A prominent legend gathered by Edgar Thurston portrays that Kammas began from the most youthful child of a specific Belthi Reddi, who figured out how to recoup his mom's ear-adornment (called "kamma" in Telugu) which had been appropriated by a ruler's pastor. Alternate children of Belthi Reddi are also said to have offered ascend to the next unmistakable rank groups of the Telugu individuals.
Vijayanagara period
Amid the rule of Krishnadevaraya Kammas having a place with 37 gotras were living in the city of Vijayanagar. Kamma Nayaks framed the rampart of the Vijayanagara armed force and were designated as governors in numerous ranges of Tamil Nadu. Their part in ensuring the last awesome Hindu kingdom of India was noteworthy.
Golkonda period
The Kammas were to a great extent decreased by the status of laborers in the post-Kakatiya period. The Vijayanagara kingdom was agitated after the clash of Tallikota in 1565. Pemmasani Nayaks, Ravella Nayaks and Sayapaneni Nayaks helped the Araviti rulers in keeping the Muslims under control. It took an additional 90 years to merge the Muslim force in Andhra nation with the catch of Gandikota in 1652. Kamma nayaks moved in extensive numbers to the Tamil district. Amid the Golkonda period, the Sayapaneni Nayaks (1626–1802) ruled Dupadu area as vassals of the Golkonda sultans.
Advanced history
Kamma landholdings were combined, and their impact subsequently expanded, by the presentation of the ryotwari framework as a substitution for the zamindari framework in the nineteenth century.
Development of dams and blasts and foundation of a water system framework in Godavari and Krishna River deltas by Arthur Cotton was an incredible shelter to the Kamma agriculturists. Accessibility of water and the regular inclination for diligent work made the Kammas rich and prosperous. The cash was put to great use by building up various schools and libraries and urging their youngsters to take up cutting edge training.
The Kammas of Southern Tamil Nadu have additionally exceeded expectations in the development of dark cotton soils and later differentiated into different modern ventures, especially in Coimbatore and Kovilpatti.
Order
The varna arrangement of Brahmanic custom positioning never grabbed hold in South Indian culture outside Kerala. There were basically three classes: Brahmin, non-Brahmin and Dalit. Kammas actually fall into the non-Brahmin class Classification of social gatherings in the Andhra district has changed much of the time as the different groups shake for status. Amid the British Raj, the Kammas were thought to be "upper Shudra", alongside the Reddy and Velama standings, under the varna framework.
Selig Harrison said in 1956 that
Kamma legend sustains the picture of an once-pleased warrior family decreased by Reddi dishonesty to its present worker status. Reddi trickery, described by Kamma student of history K. Bhavaiah Choudary, was first clear in 1323 AD at the destruction of Andhra's Kakatiya line. Presenting voluminous records to demonstrate that Kammas commanded the Kakatiya court, Chaudary recommends that the Reddis, additionally compelling warmongers at the time, struck an arrangement at Kamma cost with the Moslem winners of the Kakatiya administration. The Kammas lost their respectable rank and were constrained into cultivating.
Governmental issues
Preceding the bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh, making the new condition of Telangana, the Kammas and the Reddys were politically and financially predominant in the state.
Amid the 1980s, they assumed a key part in state and national governmental issues with the initiation of the Telugu Desam Party by its then President Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao likewise called as NTR.
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